近期，由于近期伊朗问题局势趋于紧张，不排除进一步恶化的可能。联合战争委员会(Joint War Committee)对中东地区的特殊战区范围作了相应添加与调整。相关船东和租家也需注意租船合同中关于战争条款的约定，小编汇总以下租船合同战争风险条款供参考，包括NYPE 1993期租合同中的战争条款、CONWARTIME 2013期租合同战争险条款以及Voywar 2013程租合同战争风险条款。
NYPE 1993
纽约土产交易所1993版期租船合同格式
31.(5)WAR CLAUSES
31.(5) 战争条款
(i) No contraband of war shall be shipped. The Vessel shall not be required, without the consent of the Owners which shall not be unreasonably withheld, to enter any port or zone which is involved in a state of war, warlike operations, or hostilities, civil strife, insurrection or piracy whether there be a declaration of war or not, where the Vessel , cargo or crew might reasonably be expected to be subject to capture, seizure or arrest, or to a hostile act by a belligerent power (the term "power" meaning any de jure or defacto authority or any purported governmental organization maintaining naval, military or air forces).
(i) 禁止装运战争违禁品。无论宣战与否，当任一港口或地区被卷入战争，类似战争行为或敌对行为，民众骚动，暴动或海盗状态，而且能合理地预见到船舶，货物或船员在该港口或地区可能遭受捕获，抓捕或扣押，或交战力量(“力量”一词指任何法律上或事实上的权力当局或任何声称拥有海，陆，空三军支持的政府组织)的敌对行为时，如果没有出租人的同意(出租人不应不合理地拒绝)，船舶不应被要求驶入该港口或地区。
(ii) If such consent is given by the Owners, the Charterers will pay the provable additional cost of insuring the Vessel against hull war risks in an amount equal to the value under her ordinary hull policy but not exceeding a valuation of In addition, the Owners may purchase and the Charterers will pay for war risk insurance on ancillary risks such as loss of hire, freight disbursements, total loss , blocking and trapping, etc. If such insurance is not obtainable commercially or through a government program, the Vessel shall not be required to enter or remain at any such port or zone.
(ii) 如果没有出租人同意，承租人应支付投保船舶战争险的可证明的附加保险费，数额等于普通船舶保单上的价值，但不超过价值--------------。另外，出租人可以投保战争险的附加险，如租金，运费损失险，全损险，封锁与诱捕险等，而由承租人支付保险费。如果从商业上或通过某一政府计划不能取得该种保险，船舶不应被要求驶入或继续停留在任何这样的港口或地区。
(iii) In the event of the existence of the conditions described in (i) subsequent to the date of this Charter, or while the Vessel is on hire under this Charter, the Charterers shall , in respect of voyages to any such port or zone assume the provable additional cost of wages and insurance properly incurred in connection with master , officers and crew as a consequence of such war, warlike operations or hostilities.
(iii)如在本租船合同签订之日后或按本租船合同船舶在租期间发生(a)项所规定的情况，则对关于驶往任何港口或地区的航次，确实因该战争，类似战争行为或敌对行为而产生的与船长，高级船员和普通船员有关的工资及保险费的可证明的附加费用，应由承租人承担。
(iv) Any war bonus to officers and crew due to the Vessel's trading or cargo carried shall be for the Charterers's account. "
(iv) 因船舶营运或载运的货物支付给高级船员和普通船员的任何战争津贴，应由承租人承担。
32.War Cancellation
32.战争解约
In the event of the outbreak of war ( whether there be a declaration of war or not) between any two or more of the following countries:xxxxxxxxxxx, either the Owners or the Charterers may cancel this Charter Party .Whereupon, the Charterers shall redeliver the Vessel to the Owners in accordance with Clause 101 if she has cargo on board, after discharge thereof at destination, or, if debarred under this Clause from reaching or entering it, at a near open and safe port as directed by the Owners; or , if she has no cargo on board, at the port at which she then is lor , if at sea, at a near open and safe port as directed by the Owners. In all cases hire shall continue to be paid in accordance with Clause 11 and except as aforesaid all other provisions of this Charter Party shall apply until redelivery.
在下列----------国家中的任何两国或多国之间爆发战争(不论交战与否)的情况下，出租人或承租人均可解除本租船合同。因此，根据第10条的规定，承租人应将船舶归还给出租人;如果船上有货物，则卸货后，在目的港还船，或者，如根据本条规定船舶不能抵达或进入目的港，则在出租人指示的附近的一未封锁并安全的港口还船;或者，如果船上无货物，就在船舶当时所在的港口还船;或者如果船舶在海上，则在出租人指示的附近的一未封锁并安全的港口还船。根据第11条的规定，在所有情况下，租金应继续支付，除前述规定外，本租船合同所有其他规定应适用到还船时止。
CONWARTIME 2013 War Risks Clause for Time Chartering
CONWARTIME 2013期租合同战争风险条款
(a) For the purpose of this Clause, the words:
按本条款定义，措辞：
(i) “Owners” shall include the shipowners, bareboat charterers, disponent owners, managers or other operators who are charged with the management of the Vessel, and the Master; and
“船东”应包括船东，光租承租人、二船东、管理人或其他管理船舶、船长的运营人;以及
(ii)“War Risks” shall include any actual, threatened or reported: war, act of war, civil waror hostilities; revolution; rebellion; civil commotion; warlike operations;laying of mines; acts of piracy and/or violent robbery and/or capture/seizure(hereinafter “Piracy”); acts of terrorists; acts of hostility or malicious damage; blockades (whether imposed against all vessels or imposed selectively against vessels of certain flags or ownership, or against certain cargoes or crews or otherwise howsoever), by any person, body, terrorist or political group, or the government of any state or territory whether recognised or not, which, in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/or the Owners, may be dangerous or may become dangerous to the Vessel, cargo, crew or other persons on board the Vessel.
“战争风险”应包括任何实际的、收到威胁的或报道的：战争、战争行动、内战或敌对行动、革命、叛乱、内乱、作战行动、布雷、海盗行为以及/或暴力抢劫和/或捕获(后称“海盗”)、恐怖行动、敌意行为或恶意破坏、任何人员、实体、恐怖或政治集团或任何无论注册与否的国家或领地政府的封锁(无论针对所有船舶或选择性针对特定船旗或船东的船，或针对特定货物或船员或其他)，船长和/或船东基于合理判断认为可能或可能变的对船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员产生的威胁。
(b)The Vessel shall not be obliged to proceed or required to continue to or through, any port, place, area or zone, or any waterway or canal(hereinafter “Area”), where it appears that the Vessel, cargo, crew or other persons on board the Vessel, in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/orthe Owners, may be exposed to War Risks whether such risk existed at the time of entering into this Charter Party or occurred thereafter. Should the Vessel be within any such place as aforesaid, which only becomes dangerous, or may become dangerous, after entry into it, the Vessel shall be at liberty to leave it.
船舶无义务进入或被要求继续驶向或经由任何由船长和/或船东的合理判断可能有战争威胁的港口、地点、地区或区域或航道或运河(后称“区域”)，无论该风险是否在租约生效时已存在或生效后出现。如果船舶驶入前文所述仅变得危险或可能便危险的地点，进入后船舶可自由驶离。
(c)The Vessel shall not be required to load contraband cargo, or to pass through any blockade as set out in Sub-clause (a), or to proceed to an Area where it may be subject to search and/or confiscation by a belligerent.
船舶不得被要求装载禁运货物或经由任何在分条款(a)中列明的封锁、或驶入一个可能受到交战国搜寻或征用的区域。
(d)If the Vessel proceeds to or through an Area exposed to War Risks,the Charterers shall reimburse to the Owners any additional premiums required by the Owners' insurers and the costs of any additional insurances that the Owners reasonably require in connection with War Risks.
如果船舶驶向或经由战争风险区域，租家应补偿船东一切由于船东保险人要求的额外的保费以及船东针对战争风险合理要求额外保险的费用。
(e)All payments arising under Sub-clause (d) shall be settled within fifteen (15) days of receipt of Owners’ supported invoices or on redelivery,whichever occurs first.
一切根据分条款(d)产生的费用应在收到船东支持性文件15天内或还船二者较早时支付。
(f)If the Owners become liable under the terms of employment to pay to the crew any bonus or additional wages in respect of sailing into an Area which is dangerous in the manner defined by the said terms, then the actual bonus or additional wages paid shall be reimbursed to the Owners by the Charterers at the same time as the next payment of hire is due, or upon redelivery, whichever occurs first.
如果船东根据租约条款，应支付船员任何由于驶入根据所属条款定义的风险区域的奖金或额外工资，实际的奖金或额外工资应由租家于下期租金支付日或还船时二者较早者支付船东。
(g)The Vessel shall have liberty:
船舶可自由：
(i) to comply with all orders, directions,recommendations or advice as to departure, arrival, routes, sailing in convoy,ports of call, stoppages, destinations, discharge of cargo, delivery, or in anyother way whatsoever, which are given by the government of the nation underwhose flag the Vessel sails, or other government to whose laws the Owners are subject, or any other government of any state or territory whether recognised or not, body or group whatsoever acting with the power to compel compliance with their orders or directions;
遵守船旗国或其他船东准据法国家，或无论是否承认的国家或领地政府或其他有权强制符合其指令或指导的政府、实体或团体的一切归于驶离、到达、航线、护卫、挂靠港口、停止、目的地、卸货、交货的指令、指导、建议或忠告或其他任何方法。
(ii) to comply with the requirements of the Owners’ insurers under the terms of the Vessel’s insurance(s);
遵守船东保险人在船舶保险条款下的要求;
(iii)to comply with the terms of any resolution of the Security Council of the United Nations, the effective orders of any other Supranational body which has the right to issue and give the same,and with national laws aimed at enforcing the same to which the Owners are subject, and to obey the orders and directions of those who are charged with their enforcement;
遵守一切联合国安理会的决议、任何其他有权发布的有效指令的超国家实体的指令，以及船东准据的同样效力的国内法，遵守有相关部门负责执行的指令和指导;
(iv)to discharge at any alternative port any cargo or part thereof which may expose the Vessel to being held liable as a contraband carrier;
当可能使船舶被视为走私承运人而承担责任时，可在任何替代港口卸货或部分货;
(v)to call at any alternative port to change the crew or any part thereof or other persons on board the Vessel when there is reason to believe that they may be subject to internment,imprisonment, detention or similar measures.
当合理认为会产生拘留、监禁、扣留或相似措施时，可挂靠任何替代港口以替换船员或部分船员或其他在船船员。
(h)If in accordance with their rights under the foregoing provisions of this Clause, the Owners shall refuse to proceed to the loading or discharging ports, or any one or more of them, they shall immediately inform the Charterers. No cargo shall be discharged at any alternative port without first giving the Charterers notice of the Owners’ intention to do so and requesting them to nominate a safe port for such discharge. Failing such nomination by the Charterers within 48 hours of the receipt of such notice and request, the Owners may discharge the cargo at any safe port of their own choice. All costs,risk and expenses for the alternative discharge shall be for the Charterers’ account.
为符合其在本条款下的前述条文的权利，船东应拒绝进入装卸港或任何一个或更多，且应立即通知租家。如果不预先通知租家船东的意向要求其指定一个安全港口卸货，不得在替代港口卸货。如果租家不在收到该通知和要求的48小时内指定，船东可自行在任何安全港口卸货。任何替代港口卸货的花费、风险和费用均由租家负责。
(i)The Charterers shall indemnify the Owners for claims arising out of the Vessel proceeding in accordance with any of the provisions of Sub-clauses (b) to (h) which are made under any bills of lading, waybills or other documents evidencing contracts of carriage.
租家应救济船东由于根据分条款(b)到(h)航行在提单、海运单或其他证明运输合同下产生的索赔。
When acting in accordance with any of the provisions of Sub-clauses (b) to (h) of this Clause anything is done or not done, such shall not be deemed a deviation, but shall be considered as due fulfilment of this Charter Party.
按照该条款分条款(b)到(h)任何条文为或不为，不视为绕航而应视为本租约的适当履行。
VOYWAR 2013 War Risks Clause for Voyage Chartering
Voywar 2013程租合同战争风险条款
(a)For the purpose of this Clause, the words:
按本条款定义，措辞：
(i) "Owners" shall include the shipowners, bareboat charterers, disponent owners, managers or other operators who are charged with the management of the Vessel, and the Master; and
“船东”应包括船东，光租承租人、二船东、管理人或其他管理船舶、船长的运营人;以及
(ii)"War Risks" shall include any actual, threatened or reported: War, act of war, civil war or hostilities; revolution; rebellion; civil commotion; warlike operations; laying of mines; acts of piracy and/or violent robbery and/or capture/seizure(hereinafter “Piracy”); acts of terrorists; acts of hostility or malicious damage; blockades (whether imposed against all vessels or imposed selectively against vessels of certain flags or ownership, or against certain cargoes or crews or otherwise howsoever), by any person, body, terrorist or political group, or the government of any state or territory whether recognised or not,which, in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/or the Owners, may be dangerous or may become dangerous to the Vessel, cargo, crew or other personson board the Vessel.
“战争风险”应包括任何实际的、收到威胁的或报道的：战争、战争行动、内战或敌对行动、革命、叛乱、内乱、作战行动、布雷、海盗行为以及/或暴力抢劫和/或捕获(后称“海盗”)、恐怖行动、敌意行为或恶意破坏、任何人员、实体、恐怖或政治集团或任何无论注册与否的国家或领地政府的封锁(无论针对所有船舶或选择性针对特定船旗或船东的船，或针对特定货物或船员或其他)，船长和/或船东基于合理判断认为可能或可能变的对船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员产生的威胁。
(b)If at any time before the Vessel commences loading, it appears that,in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/or the Owners, performance of the Contract of Carriage, or any part of it, may expose the Vessel, cargo, crew orother persons on board the Vessel to War Risks, the Owners may give notice to the Charterers cancelling this Contract of Carriage, or may refuse to performsuch part of it as may expose the Vessel, cargo, crew or other persons on board the Vessel to War Risks; provided always that if this Contract of Carriage provides that loading or discharging is to take place within a range of ports, and at the port or ports nominated by the Charterers the Vessel, cargo, crew, or other persons on board the Vessel may be exposed to War Risks, the Owners shall first require the Charterers to nominate any other safe port which lies within the range for loading or discharging, and may only cancel this Contract of Carriage if the Charterers shall not have nominated such safe port or ports within 48 hours of receipt of notice of such requirement.
如果在船舶开始装货之前任何时间在船长和/或船东的合理判断下，认为履行该运输合同或部分合同可能使得船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员受战争危险，船东可通知租家取消该运输合同或拒绝履行可能使船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员受到战争危险的合同部分;如果该运输合同规定了装卸货物港口在同一范围，且租家指定的港口可能使船舶，货物，船员或其他船上人员遭受战争风险，船东应首先要求承租人指定在范围内的其他港口，仅在承租人收到该要求48小时后仍未指定安全港时有权解除该运输合同。
(c)The Owners shall not be required to continue to load cargo for any voyage, or to sign bills of lading, waybills or other documents evidencing contracts of carriage for any port or place, or to proceed or continue on any voyage, or on any part thereof, or to proceed through any canal or waterway, or to proceed to or remain at any port or place whatsoever, where it appears,either after the loading of the cargo commences, or at any stage of the voyage thereafter before the discharge of the cargo is completed, that, in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/or the Owners, the Vessel, cargo, crew or other persons on board the Vessel may be exposed to War Risks. If it should so appear, the Owners may by notice request the Charterers to nominate a safe port for the discharge of the cargo or any part thereof, and if within 48 hours of the receipt of such notice, the Charterers shall not have nominated such aport, the Owners may discharge the cargo at any safe port of their choice(including the port of loading) in complete fulfilment of the Contract of Carriage. The Owners shall be entitled to recover from the Charterers the extra expenses of such discharge and, if the discharge takes place at any port other than the loading port, to receive the full freight as though the cargo had been carried to the discharging port and if the extra distance exceeds 100 miles, to additional freight which shall be the same percentage of the freight contracted for as the percentage which the extra distance represents to the distance ofthe normal and customary route, the Owners having a lien on the cargo for such expenses and freight.
无论在开始装货后或在卸货结束前的航行的任何阶段，根据船长和/或船东的合理判断，发现船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员可能遭受战争风险，则不能要求船长继续装货或签发提单或继续航程或部分航程，或通过任何运河或水道，或前往或滞留在任何港口或地点。如发生此种情况，船东应通知要求租家指定一个安全卸货港口，如在收到该通知48小时内，租家未指定该港口，船东有权选择在任何安全港口(包括装货港)卸下货物，并视为对合同的全部履行。船东有权从承租人租家获得因该卸货的导致的额外支出。如在非装货港卸货，则视为货物运达至目的地，船东有权收取全部运费，如额外距离超过100海里，则按额外距离与通常和习惯距离的百分比收取额外运费，且船东对该费用和运费留置货物的权利。
(d) If at any stage of the voyage after the loading of the cargocommences, it appears that, in the reasonable judgement of the Master and/orthe Owners, the Vessel, cargo, crew or other persons on board the Vessel may beexposed to War Risks on any part of the route (including any canal or waterway)which is normally and customarily used in a voyage of the nature contractedfor, and there is another longer route to the discharging port, the Ownersshall give notice to the Charterers that this route will be taken. In thisevent the Owners shall be entitled, if the total extra distance exceeds 100miles, to additional freight which shall be the same percentage of the freightcontracted for as the percentage which the extra distance represents to thedistance of the normal and customary route.
如在装货开始后，根据船长和/或船东的合理判断，发现船舶、货物、船员或其他在船人员可能在一个合同中航程的正常和习惯航线(包括运河和水道)中遭受战争风险，且有另一条至卸货港的教长航线，船东应通知承租人他将采用该航线。在此情况下，如总的航行距离超过原航线100海里，则船东有权按额外距离与通常和习惯距离的百分比收取额外运费。
(e) (i) The Owners may effect War Risks insurance in respect of the Vessel and any additional insurances that Owners reasonably require in connection with War Risks and the premiums there for shall be for their account.
船东可能对船舶投保战争险以及船东根据战争风险产生的额外保险，费用由其自担。
(ii)If, pursuant to the Charterers' orders, or in order to fulfil the Owners’ obligation under this Charter Party, the Vessel proceeds to or through any area or areas exposed to War Risks, the Charterers shall reimburse to the Owners any additional premiums required by the Owners’ insurers. If the Vessel discharges all of her cargo within an area subject to additional premiums as herein set forth, the Charterers shall further reimburse the Owners for the actual additional premiums paid from completion of discharge until the Vessel leaves such area or areas. The Owners shall leave the area or areas as soon as possible after completion of discharge.
如果根据租家指示或为满足船东根据该租约下的义务，船舶驶入或经由战争风险区域，租家应偿还船东由其保险人要求的额外的保费。如果船舶只在一个需要额外保费的区域内将所有货物卸下，租家应进一步补偿船东从完货直到船舶驶离该区域的实际额外保费。船东应在完货后尽快离开该区域。
(iii) All payments arising under this Sub-clause (e) shall be settled within fifteen (15) days of receipt of Owners’ supported invoices.
所有根据分条款(e)产生的费用应在收到船东支持性发票后15天内支付。
(f) The Vessel shall have liberty:
船舶可自由：
(i)to comply with all orders,directions, recommendations or advice as to departure, arrival, routes, sailing in convoy, ports of call, stoppages, destinations, discharge of cargo,delivery, or in any other way whatsoever, which are given by the government ofthe nation under whose flag the Vessel sails, or other government to whose laws the Owners are subject, or any other government of any state or territory whether recognised or not, body or group whatsoever acting with the power to compel compliance with their orders or directions;
遵守船旗国或其他船东准据法国家，或无论是否承认的国家或领地政府或其他有权强制符合其指令或指导的政府、实体或团体的一切归于驶离、到达、航线、护卫、挂靠港口、停止、目的地、卸货、交货的指令、指导、建议或忠告或其他任何方法。
(ii)to comply with the requirements of the Owners’ insurers under the terms of the Vessel’s insurance(s);
遵守船东保险人在船舶保险条款下的要求;
(iii)to comply with the terms of any resolution of the Security Council of the United Nations, the effective orders of any other Supranational body which has the right to issue and give the same,and with national laws aimed at enforcing the same to which the Owners are subject, and to obey the orders and directions of those who are charged with their enforcement;
遵守一切联合国安理会的决议、任何其他有权发布的有效指令的超国家实体的指令，以及船东准据的同样效力的国内法，遵守有相关部门负责执行的指令和指导;
(iv)to discharge at any alternative port any cargo or part thereof which may expose the Vessel to being held liableas a contraband carrier;
当可能使船舶被视为走私承运人而承担责任时，可在任何替代港口卸货或部分货;
(v)to call at any alternative port to change the crew or any part thereof or other persons on board the Vessel when there is reason to believe that they may be subject to internment,imprisonment, detention or similar measures;
当合理认为会产生拘留、监禁、扣留或相似措施时，可挂靠任何替代港口以替换船员或部分船员或其他在船船员。
(vi)where cargo has not been loaded or has been discharged by the Owners under any provisions of this Clause, to load other cargo for the Owners' own benefit and carry it to any other port or ports whatsoever, whether backwards or forwards or in a contrary direction to the ordinary or customary route.
根据本租约条款，货物未由船东装载或卸下，船东可装载为其自身利益的货物至其他港口，无论对通常或习惯航线来讲是后退或前进或相反方向。
(g) The Charterers shall indemnify the Owners for claims arising out of the Vessel proceeding in accordance with any of the provisions of Sub-clauses (b) to (f) which are made under any bills of lading, waybills or other documents evidencing contracts of carriage.
租家应救济船东由于根据分条款(b)到(f)航行在提单、海运单或其他证明运输合同下产生的索赔。
When acting in accordance with any of the provisions of Sub-clauses (b) to (f) of this Clause anything is done or not done, such shall not be deemed to be a deviation, but shall be considered as due fulfilment of the Contract of Carriage.
按照该条款分条款(b)到(f)任何条文为或不为，不视为绕航而应视为本运输合同的适当履行。